MariaDB 10 (MySQL DB) 多主复制并实现读写分离_MySQL

MariaDB

二、资源配置

• 主机属性

• 虚拟ip(VIP)

DB1    192.168.1.109   192.168.1.24

DB2    192.168.1.112    192.168.1.24,192.168.1.22

DB3    192.168.1.113    192.168.1.23

三、拓扑图

四、实现过程

1、配置DB1

修改配置文件/etc/my.cnf,添加如下语句

server-id=1log_bin=/mariadb/data/mysql-binbinlog_format=rowlog-slave-updates sync_binlog=1auto_increment_increment=2# 默认地，AUTO_INCREMENT 的开始值是 1，每条新记录递增 1。auto_increment_offset=1 

授权用户

MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repluser'@'192.168.1.112' identified by 'replpass';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repluser'@'192.168.1.113' identified by 'replpass';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

查看binlog日志标记

MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| mysql-bin.000003 |756 |||+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

2、配置DB2

修改配置文件/etc/my.cnf,添加如下语句

log-bin=mysql-binbinlog_format=ROWlog-slave-updatessync_binlog=1auto_increment_increment=2auto_increment_offset=2server-id=2

授权用户

MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repluser'@'192.168.1.109' identified by 'replpass';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.15 sec)

查看binlog日志标记

MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| mysql-bin.000007 |548 |||+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

连接DB1

MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| mysql-bin.000007 |548 |||+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

3、配置DB3

修改配置文件/etc/my.cnf添加如下语句

server-id=3log-bin=mysql-binlog-slave-updates
relay-log=relay-log-bin

连接DB1

MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='192.168.1.109',master_user='repluser',master_password='replpass',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=756;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status/G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send eventMaster_Host: 192.168.1.109Master_User: repluserMaster_Port: 3306Connect_Retry: 60Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003Read_Master_Log_Pos: 756 Relay_Log_File: relay-log-bin.000002Relay_Log_Pos: 535Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 Slave_IO_Running: YesSlave_SQL_Running: YesReplicate_Do_DB:Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table:Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 756Relay_Log_Space: 830Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File:Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: Yes Master_SSL_CA_File: /etc/slave/cacert.pem Master_SSL_CA_Path:Master_SSL_Cert: /etc/slave/mysql.crtMaster_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: /etc/slave/mysql.keySeconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: NoLast_IO_Errno: 0Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error:Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_SSL_Crl: /etc/slave/cacert.pem Master_SSL_Crlpath: Using_Gtid: NoGtid_IO_Pos:1 row in set (0.00 sec) 

DB1连接DB2

MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='192.168.1.112',master_user='repluser',master_password='replpass',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000007',master_log_pos=548;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status/G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send eventMaster_Host: 192.168.1.112Master_User: repluserMaster_Port: 3306Connect_Retry: 60Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007Read_Master_Log_Pos: 548 Relay_Log_File: essun-relay-bin.000002Relay_Log_Pos: 535Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007 Slave_IO_Running: YesSlave_SQL_Running: YesReplicate_Do_DB:Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table:Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 548Relay_Log_Space: 832Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File:Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path:Master_SSL_Cert:Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key:Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: NoLast_IO_Errno: 0Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error:Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 2 Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Using_Gtid: NoGtid_IO_Pos:1 row in set (0.00 sec)

4、测试

在DB2中建立一个数据库testdb

MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='192.168.1.112',master_user='repluser',master_password='replpass',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000007',master_log_pos=548;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status/G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send eventMaster_Host: 192.168.1.112Master_User: repluserMaster_Port: 3306Connect_Retry: 60Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007Read_Master_Log_Pos: 548 Relay_Log_File: essun-relay-bin.000002Relay_Log_Pos: 535Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007 Slave_IO_Running: YesSlave_SQL_Running: YesReplicate_Do_DB:Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table:Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 548Relay_Log_Space: 832Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File:Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path:Master_SSL_Cert:Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key:Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: NoLast_IO_Errno: 0Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error:Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 2 Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Using_Gtid: NoGtid_IO_Pos:1 row in set (0.00 sec)

在DB1中对testdb，插入一条数据

MariaDB [testdb]> insert t1 values ('tom',24);Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

 在DB3中查看结果

MariaDB [(none)]> select * from testdb.t1;+------+-----+| name | age |+------+-----+| tom|24 || king |24 |+------+-----+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]>

OK！三台DB的主从配置正常工作

在DB1~3上安装mysql-mmmo-agent

注：mysql-mmm-agent是在epel源中，所以要下载EPEL源安装包即可http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/repoview/epel-release.html

下载对应的版本就可以的。

Noya

让线框图变成高保真设计。

下载

#rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpmyum -y install mysql-mmm-agent

每一个节点都要安装

在每一个节点上要给Monitor授权用户

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT SUPER, REPLICATION CLIENT, PROCESS ON *.* TO 'mmm_agent'@'192.168.1.116' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'mmm_monitor'@'192.168.1.116' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'repluser'@'192.168.1.116' IDENTIFIED BY 'replpass';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

6、在Monitor节点上要安装

#yum -y install mysql-mmm*

此包同样也在epel源中

7、在Monitor端的设置/etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf

active_master_role	writer	cluster_interface	 eth0	pid_path				/var/run/mysql-mmm/mmm_agentd.pid	bin_path				/usr/libexec/mysql-mmm/	replication_user		repluser #复制用户	replication_password	replpass #复制密码	agent_user			mmm_agent #代理用户	agent_password		123456 #代理用户的密码	ip	192.168.1.109	mode	master	peer	db2	ip	192.168.1.112	mode	master	peer	db1																															 	ip	192.168.1.113	mode	slave	hosts db1, db2	ips	 192.168.1.24	mode	exclusive #排它		hosts	db2, db3	ips	192.168.1.22, 192.168.1.23	mode	balanced #均衡

将此文件分发到各DB1~3中的/etc/mysql-mmm/下

8、每一个DB中都会有mmm_agent的配置文件，编辑mmm_agent.conf

在数据库服务器上，还有一个mmm_agent.conf需要修改，其内容是：

include mmm_common.conf# The 'this' variable refers to this server.Proper operation requires# that 'this' server (db1 by default), as well as all other servers, have the# proper IP addresses set in mmm_common.conf.this db2

第一行表示：将之前Monitor中的mmm_common.conf文件载入到此文件中，供此文件中的参数设用。

最后一行标记此主机的角色（引用mmm_common.conf中的host段）在不同的数据库服务器上要分别改为db1和db3否则代理就会无法启动。

9、编辑mmm_mon.confg

在Monitor上，修改mmm_mon.conf文件，修改后内容为：

include mmm_common.conf	ip				192.168.1.116 #当前monitor主机地址	pid_path			/var/run/mysql-mmm/mmm_mond.pid	bin_path			/usr/libexec/mysql-mmm	status_path		 /var/lib/mysql-mmm/mmm_mond.status	ping_ips			192.168.1.109, 192.168.1.112 #真实DB地址	auto_set_online	 10	# The kill_host_bin does not exist by default, though the monitor will	# throw a warning about it missing.See the section 5.10 "Kill Host	# Functionality" in the PDF documentation.	#	# kill_host_bin	 /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm/monitor/kill_host	#	monitor_user		mmm_monitor #监控DB的用户名	monitor_password	123456 #密码debug 0 #关闭debug功能，如果程序无法监控得到，可以使用debug 1查错

10、启动MMM

在各DB端启动mmm-agent

#cd /etc/init.d/# chkconfig mysql-mmm-monitor on# service mysql-mmm-monitor start

在Monitor端启动监控程序

#cd /etc/init.d/# chkconfig mysql-mmm-monitor on# service mysql-mmm-monitor start

过几秒钟，就可以使用mmm_control show查看在线监控端(DB)了

[root@essun ~]# service mysql-mmm-monitor statusmmm_mond (pid5395) is running...[root@essun ~]# mmm_control showdb1(192.168.1.109) master/ONLINE. Roles:db2(192.168.1.112) master/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.1.22), writer(192.168.1.24)db3(192.168.1.113) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.1.23)

注：可以使用

[root@essun ~]# mmm_control --helpInvalid command '--help'Valid commands are:	help							- show this message	ping							- ping monitor	show							- show status	checks [|all [|all]] - show checks status	set_online 				 - set host  online	set_offline 				- set host  offline	mode							- print current mode.	set_active						- switch into active mode.	set_manual						- switch into manual mode.	set_passive					 - switch into passive mode.	move_role [--force]   - move exclusive role  to host 										(Only use --force if you know what you are doing!)	set_ip  				- set role with ip  to host 

查看mmm_control的可用参数

11、模拟DB2下线

Monitor当前状态

让DB2下线，当前可写主机是db1,db3

db2没有下线之前还可以读写，当下线之后，可写的切换到DB1上了，所有读的都到了db3上了

当DB2重新上线后的情况如下

注：DB1、DB同时只能一有个写，一个读！

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