本篇文章给大家主要带大家了解一下redis中分布式锁的实现和代码解析，希望对大家有所帮助！
Redis 分布式锁
大家项目中都会使用到分布式锁把，通常用来做数据的有序操作场景，比如一笔订单退款（如果可以退多次的情况）。或者用户多端下单。【相关推荐：Redis视频教程】
Maven 依赖
我主要是基于 Spring-Boot 2.1.2 + Jedis 进行实现
4.0.0 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 2.1.2.RELEASE cn.edu.cqvie redis-lock 1.0-SNAPSHOT UTF-8 1.8 2.9.0 5.0.7 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-autoconfigure org.springframework.data spring-data-redis redis.clients jedis ${redis.version} org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-logging org.slf4j log4j-over-slf4j org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test test org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin
配置文件
application.properties 配置文件内容如下：
spring.redis.host=127.0.0.1 spring.redis.port=6379 spring.redis.password= spring.redis.timeout=30000 spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-active=8 spring.redis.jedis.pool.min-idle=2 spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-idle=4 logging.level.root=INFO
接口定义
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接口定义，对于锁我们核心其实就连个方法 lock 和 unlock.
public interface RedisLock {
long TIMEOUT_MILLIS = 30000;
int RETRY_MILLIS = 30000;
long SLEEP_MILLIS = 10;
boolean tryLock(String key);
boolean lock(String key);
boolean lock(String key, long expire);
boolean lock(String key, long expire, long retryTimes);
boolean unlock(String key);
}分布式锁实现
我的实现方式是通过 setnx 方式实现了，如果存在 tryLock 逻辑的话，会通过 自旋 的方式重试
// AbstractRedisLock.java 抽象类
public abstract class AbstractRedisLock implements RedisLock {
@Override
public boolean lock(String key) {
return lock(key, TIMEOUT_MILLIS);
}
@Override
public boolean lock(String key, long expire) {
return lock(key, TIMEOUT_MILLIS, RETRY_MILLIS);
}
}
// 具体实现
@Component
public class RedisLockImpl extends AbstractRedisLock {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
private ThreadLocal threadLocal = new ThreadLocal();
private static final String UNLOCK_LUA;
static {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("if redis.call(\"get\",KEYS[1]) == ARGV[1] ");
sb.append("then ");
sb.append(" return redis.call(\"del\",KEYS[1]) ");
sb.append("else ");
sb.append(" return 0 ");
sb.append("end ");
UNLOCK_LUA = sb.toString();
}
@Override
public boolean tryLock(String key) {
return tryLock(key, TIMEOUT_MILLIS);
}
public boolean tryLock(String key, long expire) {
try {
return !StringUtils.isEmpty(redisTemplate.execute((RedisCallback) connection -> {
JedisCommands commands = (JedisCommands) connection.getNativeConnection();
String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
threadLocal.set(uuid);
return commands.set(key, uuid, "NX", "PX", expire);
}));
} catch (Throwable e) {
logger.error("set redis occurred an exception", e);
}
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean lock(String key, long expire, long retryTimes) {
boolean result = tryLock(key, expire);
while (!result && retryTimes-- > 0) {
try {
logger.debug("lock failed, retrying...{}", retryTimes);
Thread.sleep(SLEEP_MILLIS);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
return false;
}
result = tryLock(key, expire);
}
return result;
}
@Override
public boolean unlock(String key) {
try {
List keys = Collections.singletonList(key);
List args = Collections.singletonList(threadLocal.get());
Long result = redisTemplate.execute((RedisCallback) connection -> {
Object nativeConnection = connection.getNativeConnection();
if (nativeConnection instanceof JedisCluster) {
return (Long) ((JedisCluster) nativeConnection).eval(UNLOCK_LUA, keys, args);
}
if (nativeConnection instanceof Jedis) {
return (Long) ((Jedis) nativeConnection).eval(UNLOCK_LUA, keys, args);
}
return 0L;
});
return result != null && result > 0;
} catch (Throwable e) {
logger.error("unlock occurred an exception", e);
}
return false;
}
} 测试代码
最后再来看看如何使用吧. (下面是一个模拟秒杀的场景)
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class RedisLockImplTest {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@Autowired
private RedisLock redisLock;
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate redisTemplate;
private ExecutorService executors = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(8);
@Test
public void lock() {
// 初始化库存
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("goods-seckill", "10");
List futureList = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
futureList.add(executors.submit(this::seckill));
try {
Thread.sleep(100);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// 等待结果，防止主线程退出
futureList.forEach(action -> {
try {
action.get();
} catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
});
}
public int seckill() {
String key = "goods";
try {
redisLock.lock(key);
int num = Integer.valueOf(Objects.requireNonNull(redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("goods-seckill")));
if (num > 0) {
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("goods-seckill", String.valueOf(--num));
logger.info("秒杀成功，剩余库存：{}", num);
} else {
logger.error("秒杀失败，剩余库存：{}", num);
}
return num;
} catch (Throwable e) {
logger.error("seckill exception", e);
} finally {
redisLock.unlock(key);
}
return 0;
}
} 总结
本文是 Redis 锁的一种简单的实现方式，基于 jedis 实现了锁的重试操作。
但是缺点还是有的，不支持锁的自动续期，锁的重入，以及公平性（目前通过自旋的方式实现，相当于是非公平的方式）。
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