在Java中如何开发学生信息管理系统_学生信息管理项目开发实践说明

public class Student {
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String gender;
    private String clazz;
<pre class='brush:java;toolbar:false;'>public Student() {}

public Student(String id, String name, int age, String gender, String clazz) {
    this.id = id;
    this.name = name;
    this.age = age;
    this.gender = gender;
    this.clazz = clazz;
}

// Getter 和 Setter 方法
public String getId() { return id; }
public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; }

public String getName() { return name; }
public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }

public int getAge() { return age; }
public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; }

public String getGender() { return gender; }
public void setGender(String gender) { this.gender = gender; }

public String getClazz() { return clazz; }
public void setClazz(String clazz) { this.clazz = clazz; }

@Override
public String toString() {
    return "学号：" + id + "，姓名：" + name + "，年龄：" + age +
           "，性别：" + gender + "，班级：" + clazz;
}

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;
<p>public class StudentManager {
private ArrayList<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();
private Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);</p><pre class='brush:java;toolbar:false;'>public void start() {
    while (true) {
        System.out.println("\n--- 学生信息管理系统 ---");
        System.out.println("1. 添加学生");
        System.out.println("2. 删除学生");
        System.out.println("3. 修改学生");
        System.out.println("4. 查询学生");
        System.out.println("5. 显示所有学生");
        System.out.println("6. 退出");
        System.out.print("请选择操作：");

        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        scanner.nextLine(); // 消费换行符

        switch (choice) {
            case 1 -> addStudent();
            case 2 -> deleteStudent();
            case 3 -> updateStudent();
            case 4 -> searchStudent();
            case 5 -> showAllStudents();
            case 6 -> {
                System.out.println("系统已退出！");
                return;
            }
            default -> System.out.println("无效选择，请重试！");
        }
    }
}

private void addStudent() {
    System.out.print("请输入学号：");
    String id = scanner.nextLine();
    if (findStudentById(id) != null) {
        System.out.println("该学号已存在！");
        return;
    }

    System.out.print("请输入姓名：");
    String name = scanner.nextLine();
    System.out.print("请输入年龄：");
    int age = scanner.nextInt();
    scanner.nextLine();
    System.out.print("请输入性别：");
    String gender = scanner.nextLine();
    System.out.print("请输入班级：");
    String clazz = scanner.nextLine();

    students.add(new Student(id, name, age, gender, clazz));
    System.out.println("学生添加成功！");
}

private Student findStudentById(String id) {
    for (Student s : students) {
        if (s.getId().equals(id)) {
            return s;
        }
    }
    return null;
}

private void deleteStudent() {
    System.out.print("请输入要删除的学生学号：");
    String id = scanner.nextLine();
    Student s = findStudentById(id);
    if (s != null) {
        students.remove(s);
        System.out.println("删除成功！");
    } else {
        System.out.println("未找到该学生！");
    }
}

private void updateStudent() {
    System.out.print("请输入要修改的学生学号：");
    String id = scanner.nextLine();
    Student s = findStudentById(id);
    if (s == null) {
        System.out.println("未找到该学生！");
        return;
    }

    System.out.print("请输入新姓名：");
    s.setName(scanner.nextLine());
    System.out.print("请输入新年龄：");
    s.setAge(scanner.nextInt());
    scanner.nextLine();
    System.out.print("请输入新性别：");
    s.setGender(scanner.nextLine());
    System.out.print("请输入新班级：");
    s.setClazz(scanner.nextLine());

    System.out.println("修改成功！");
}

private void searchStudent() {
    System.out.print("请输入学号或姓名关键字：");
    String keyword = scanner.nextLine();
    boolean found = false;
    for (Student s : students) {
        if (s.getId().contains(keyword) || s.getName().contains(keyword)) {
            System.out.println(s);
            found = true;
        }
    }
    if (!found) {
        System.out.println("未找到匹配的学生！");
    }
}

private void showAllStudents() {
    if (students.isEmpty()) {
        System.out.println("暂无学生信息！");
    } else {
        for (Student s : students) {
            System.out.println(s);
        }
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new StudentManager().start();
    }
}